Impact crusher

ABSTRACT

An impact crusher having a circular housing with an upper feed tube extending through a cover portion. The feed tube directs material to be reduced to an impeller unit. The impeller unit includes impeller shoes supported between impeller discs which rotate at high speed, and rocks fed to the shoes are impelled by the shoes against outwardly located breaker plates. The impeller shoes are V-shaped in horizontal cross section with the point or apex of the V being directed inwardly toward the center of the impeller unit. The V-shaped impeller shoes have impelling surfaces on two sides thereof for operation in either direction of rotation of the impelling unit. The shoes are held in place by posts and are constructed of at least two plate-like parts disposed flatwise in surface engagement facilitating individual replacement or shifting around to prolong the life of the shoes in their entirety. In one embodiment, the impeller shoes have hardened inserts on the impelling surfaces thereof to provide minimum replacement.

United States Patent [1 1 Wood Get. 23, 1973 IMPACT CRUSHER [76]Inventor: Bruce V. Wood, 6629 NE. 82nd,

Portland, Oreg. 97220 [22] Filed: Dec. 20, 1971 [21] Appl. No.: 209,709

3,578,254 5/1971 Wood 241/275 Primary Examiner-Donald G. Kelly AssistantExaminer-Gary L. Smith Attorney-Eugene M. Eckelman [57] ABSTRACT Animpact crusher having a circular housing with an upper feed tubeextending through a cover portion. The feed tube directs material to bereduced to an impeller unit. The impeller unit includes impeller shoessupported between impeller discs which rotate at high speed, and rocksfed to the shoes are impelled by the shoes against outwardly locatedbreaker plates. The impeller shoes are V-shaped in horizontal crosssection with the point or apex of the V being directed inwardly towardthe center of the impeller unit. The V- shaped impeller shoes haveimpelling surfaces on two sides thereof for operation in eitherdirection of rotation of the impelling unit. The shoes are held in placeby posts and are constructed of at least two plate-like parts disposedflatwise in surface engagement facilitating individual replacement orshifting around to prolong the life of the shoes in their entirety. Inone embodiment, the impeller shoes have hardened inserts on theimpelling surfaces thereof to provide minimum replacement.

5 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures FIG.

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IMPACT CRUSI-IER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates tonew and useful improvements in impact type crus'hers.

In the impact type crusher, rocks are impelled against anvils or breakerelements by rotating impeller shoes. The rock load is in most casesextremely abrasive and hard to crush and impeller shoes and other partsrequire frequent replacement. Replacing these parts of course comprisesan expensive procedure not only in the cost of the parts themselves butin the shut down time of the crusher apparatus. 4

Applicant has heretofore provided in his prior US. Pat. No. 3,652,023 animpeller shoe mechanism which comprised a substantial improvement overthe art in that it facilitated easy installation of the impeller shoesto reduce replacement time to a minimum. The structure in suchco-pending application also provided a mechanism which had a pair ofrock impelling surfaces for operation of the impeller in either forwardor reverse directions, thus allowing the impeller shoes to be worn fromboth sides before replacement was necessary.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A feature of the present invention is toprovide improvements in the art and over the structurein applicant's US.Pat. No. 3,652,023 and also to provide in general a structure which hasstill greater efficiency of wear and ease of installation andreplacement.

A more particular object of the present invention is I to provide animpeller structure employing impeller shoes which have a minimum mass ofmetal therein to reduce their cost but which at the same time have longlife and operate efficiently. Such objective is accomplished byconstructing the shoes with an open or V- shape with two faces thereofbeing arranged to sling rock.

Another object is to provide an impeller shoe for an impact type crusherwhich is formed of two or more parts disposed flatwise in-surfaceengagement, the parts having different thicknesses for selected relativepositioning and repositioning to obtain maximum wear.

Still another object of the invention is to provide in an embodiment ofthe invention an impeller shoe for an impact type crusher which hashardened inserts embedded in its rock engaging surfaces to prolong thelife of the impeller shoe.

Still another object is toprovide an impeller unit assembly for animpact type crusher which has a novel arrangement of impeller shoes,impeller discs, wear plates and protective rings which in theirassemblage provide maximum protection and wear of the various parts. I

The invention will be better understood and additional objects andadvantages will become apparent from the following description taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferredforms of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an elevational view of thepresent invention with a central portion thereof being shown in section,taken on the line 11 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of an impeller unit portion of theinvention, this view being taken on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1 and beingpartly broken away;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 33 ofFIG. 2; and

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a modified form of impeller shoe.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference is now madeto the drawings and first to FIG. 1. The present crusher comprises acircular housing having anenlarged peripheral extension 12 at the top.This extension has a bottom wall 14. A cover plate 16 is connecteddetachably to the housing by stud connections 18 and has a central feedtube 20 projecting therethrough for receiving rock from a hopper 22 orother means such as a conveyor. The bottom of the housing is open fordischarge of crushed rock and is seated on a raised support 24,'shown inphantom, for discharge of the crushed material out the bottom.

Disposed in the housing 10 is a pulley enclosure 26 having a topprotective wall 28. Enclosure 26 houses a plurality of pulleys 30engaged by V-belts 32 having a drive engagement with motor drivenpulleys not shown. The pulleys 30 are keyed or otherwise secured to avertical shaft 34 projecting upwardly through the pulley enclosure andjournaled in an upstanding bearing block 36 supported integrally on thepulley enclosure. The upper end of the shaft 34 is tapered at 38 andprojects beyond the end of bearing block 36 for reception in a taperedbore 40 of a base member 42 having a roassembly having an outer ring 52and a clamping core member 54. Ring 52 and core member 54 have a taperedinterfitting engagement 56 and are secured to the base member 42 bymeans of a central stud 58 passing down through the core member 54 andthreadedly engaging the shaft 34. The feed disc assembly just describedrotates with the base 42, and the upper surfaces of the ring 52 and coremember 54 generally taper down toward the outside whereby rock admittedthrough the feed tube 20 is delivered outwardly for movement through thecrusher. The tapered connection between the ring 52 and core member 54and the bolted connection of the latter with the shaft 34 provides easyreplacement of one or the other, or both of the members 52 and 54.

Secured to the upper surface of the base member 42, as by welding, is anannular impeller disc or plate 62, also seen in FIGS. 2 and 3, on whichis secured a plurality of upright posts or anchors 64. These posts aresecured to the impeller disc 62 by welding or the like and also have acentral bore 66 for receiving a bolt 68 which has threaded engagement 70at its lower end with impeller disc 62.

Posts 64 provide anchoring means for impeller shoe assemblies 72. Fourof such assemblies are shown, FIG.

2, but more or less may be used. Each impeller shoe assembly includes apair of V-shaped members 72a and 72b supported in a horizontal plane andengageable with each other in a flat surface arrangement. The V- shapeof the shoe parts forms a pair of leg portions meeting in an apex 74 anda rearwardly opening recess 75. Posts 64 are triangular in cross sectionand correspond in shape and size to the recess 75 of the V- shaped shoeparts for abutted engagement with two inner side surfaces of the post.That is, an apex portion of the triangularly shaped post 64 is directedinwardly toward the center of the impeller disc and fits in the recessof the V-shaped shoe parts. Since the shoe parts are held so that theapex or point 74 thereof is directed toward the center of the impellerunit, the two surfaces 76 leading from the apex serve as the impellingor slinging faces. The shoe parts need not be secured to the posts sincethey are held in abutting engagement therewith by centrifugal force, thetriangular shape of recesses 75 and the posts providing a non-rotatableanchoring engagement of the shoes. One of the faces 76 is used as theimpelling surface in one direction of rotation of the impeller unit andthe other face is used as the impelling surface in the other directionof rotation. Such dual use of the impeller shoes provides maximum wearof the shoes in that when one side thereof has become worn it is merelynecessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the driving motor tosubject the other side to wear. The forward and reverse rotation of theimpeller unit is accomplished by a reversible drive motor, not shown,which drives the belts 32.

Another feature of the impeller shoe assemblies is that one of the shoesis of greater thickness than the other. ln the usual case, the thickershoe part 72b will be disposed on the bottom since such comprises thegreatest wear area. However, these parts may be interchanged if desiredfor maximum efficiency of wear and of course the relative thickness mayvary as determined empirically for best results. In order to obtainmaximum wear from the shoe parts, they may be turned over if they wearunevenly.

The impeller unit also employs an upper impeller disc 80. This impellerdisc is annular in shape similar to the lower impeller disc 62 forreceiving the feed tube 20 through its center. Impeller disc 80 isbolted in place by bolts 68 in an assembly now to be described.

The lower impeller disc 62 supports a circumferential ring 82 adjacentto its outer edge, such ring having a downwardly directed offset orshoulder portion 84 for seated support on the impeller disc. Anotherring 86 is associated with the upper impeller disc 80, such ring havingan upwardly directed offset or shoulder portion 88 on which the upperimpeller disc is seated. Ring 86 seats on the impeller shoes. Spacerpieces 90 are disposed underneath the shoe assemblies 72 and have awidth dimension no greater than the width of the shoe, and similarspacer pieces 92 are provided at the top between the impeller shoeassemblies and the upper impeller disc 80. These spacers are secured asby welding to their respective impeller discs.

In the setup of the parts, the ring 82 is supported on the lowerimpeller disc 62, the impeller shoes are supported on this ring and onthe spacers 90, the ring 86 is supported on the impeller shoes, and theupper impeller disc 80 is supported on the ring 86. The posts 64 arepreferably of a selected height to terminate at their upper ends in aplane substantially level with the shoulder 88 of the upper ring 86 sothat upon tightening the bolts 68 such posts bear the clamping pressurerather than allowing any pressure to be applied to the shoes.

The upper side of the lower impeller disc 62 in the area between theshoes 72 is protected by wear plates 94, FIGS. 2 and 3. These wearplates are suitably shaped to fill substantially the entire area betweenthe shoes and are secured to the said impeller disc by bolts 96.Similarly, the underside of upper impeller disc in the area between theimpeller shoes 72 is protected by wear plates 98 bolted thereto by bolts100.

In addition to the particular shape and the repositioning capability ofthe shoes, the parts are arranged to provide maximum protection and easeof replacement. That is, the impeller discs are protected from flyingrock by the wear plates 94 and 98 and also by the peripheral rings 82and 86. The posts 64 are entirely protected. When it is desired toreplace the shoe parts or reposition them, it is merely necessary to tapthe upper shoes 72a on their outer edges to move them inwardly an amountto take them out or turn them over. The cover 16 is the only part thathas to be removed for this operation. To replace the lower shoe part 72hor turn it over, it is necessary to remove the upper shoe part 72a sincesuch lower shoe part can then be moved inwardly by raising it slightlyto clear center ring 52. The replacement or repositioning of the shoeparts can be accomplished without loosening the bolts 68.

The impeller shoe assemblies 72 are arranged to throw rock outwardlyagainst anvil or breaker plates 102 secured in the side extension 12 ofthe housing. In a preferred arrangement, the breaker plates are disposedin a main circumferential row 102 and a lower auxiliary row 104.

With reference to FIG. 4, an impeller shoe part 106 is illustrated whichhas similar shape and construction to the parts 72a and 72b describedhereinbefore but includes on its impelling surfaces 76! a pluralityofinserts 108 of hardened material such as tungsten carbide or toolsteel. Such inserts may comprise rectangular strips inserted inrectangular recesses 110 in the surfaces 76'. If desired, however, theinsert may take other shapes, all to the purpose of prolonging the wearof the impelling surfaces.

lt is to be understood that the form of my invention herein shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred example of the same and thatvarious changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may beresorted to without departing from the spirit of my invention or thescope of the subjoined claims.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim:

1. In an impact type crusher a. a housing,

b. an impeller unit rotatably mounted in said housing and having innerand outer radially disposed portions;

c. at least one impeller shoe mounted on said impeller unit arranged toimpell rock outwardly,

(1. said impeller shoe being V-shaped, having a pair of leg portions ofsubstantially the same length and meeting horizontally in an apex,

e. the area between said leg portions forming an outwardly openingrecess,

f. said apex being directed inwardly of the impeller unit,

g. said leg portions having outer side surfaces which comprise rockengaging faces for impelling rock outwardly,

h, said side surfaces being arranged such that one of said surfacesimpels rock outwardly in the forward direction of rotation of saidimpeller unit and the other of said surfaces impels rock outwardly inthe reverse direction of rotation of said impeller unit,

i. and anchor means secured to said impeller unit and engaged in saidrecess of said shoe to hold the latter on the impeller unit.

2. The impact type crusher of claim 1 wherein said recess is V-shapedand said anchor means comprise posts having angled side surfacesabutting against the walls of said recess for holding said shoe on theimpeller unit.

3. The impact type crusher of claim 1 wherein said shoe has freeabutting engagement with the post for easy installation and removal.

4. The impact type crusher of claim 2 wherein said impeller unitincludes a plurality of said shoes and said post means in spacedrelation therearound, a. lower impeller disc supporting said shoesfreely thereon and integrally supporting said post means, and wearplates secured on the upper surface of said impeller disc in the areabetween said shoes to protect said disc from flying rock.

5. The impact type crusherof claim 2 wherein said impeller unit includesa plurality of said shoes and said from flying rock.

1. In an impact type crusher a. a housing, b. an impeller unit rotatablymounted in said housing and having inner and outer radially disposedportions; c. at least one impeller shoe mounted on said impeller unitarranged to impel rock outwardly, d. said impeller shoe being V-shaped,having a pair of leg portions of substantially the same length andmeeting horizontally in an apex, e. the area between said leg portionsforming an outwardly opening recess, f. said apex being directedinwardly of the impeller unit, g. said leg portions having outer sidesurfaces which comprise rock engaging faces for impelling rockoutwardly, h. said side surfaces being arranged such that one of saidsurfaces impels rock outwardly in the forward direction of rotation ofsaid impeller unit and the other of said surfaces impels rock outwardlyin the reverse direction of rotation of said impeller unit, i. andanchor means secured to said impeller unit and engaged in said recess ofsaid shoe to hold the latter on the impeller unit.
 2. The impact typecrusher of claim 1 wherein said recess is V-shaped and said anchor meanscomprise posts having angled side surfaces abutting against the walls ofsaid recess for holding said shoe on the impeller unit.
 3. The impacttype crusher of claim 1 wherein said shoe has free abutting engagementwith the post for easy installation and removal.
 4. The impact typecrusher of claim 2 wherein said impeller unit includes a plurality ofsaid shoes and said post means in spaced relation therearound, a lowerimpeller disc supporting said shoes freely thereon and integrallysupporting said post means, and wear plates secured on the upper surfaceof said impeller disc in the area between said shoes to protect saiddisc from flying rock.
 5. The impact type crusher of claim 2 whereinsaid impeller unit includes a plurality of Said shoes and said postmeans in spaced relation therearound, a lower impeller disc supportingsaid shoes freely thereon and integrally supporting said post means, anupper impeller disc on said post means, removable fastening meanssecuring said impeller disc to said post means, and wear plates securedon the upper surface of said lower impeller disc and the lower surfaceof said upper impeller disc in the area between said shoes to protectsaid discs from flying rock.